Civil cases and criminal cases serve very different purposes within the legal system. A civil case typically involves a dispute between individuals, businesses, or organizations where one party claims to have suffered a loss or injury due to another’s actions. The goal of a civil lawsuit is usually financial compensation or another remedy, such as enforcing a contract or protecting a property right. Civil cases are about resolving private disputes and compensating the injured party, not punishing wrongdoing.
Criminal cases, on the other hand, involve actions that society deems harmful enough to be considered offenses against the public, even if an individual was the immediate victim. In a criminal case, the government—either the state or federal authority—brings formal charges against an individual accused of violating the law. Unlike civil cases, criminal proceedings focus on punishing the offender and deterring future crimes, with potential outcomes like jail time, probation, or fines.